Overview and Health Benefits
Crataegus species, more commonly known as Hawthorn, is a well-established traditional remedy. It has long been used as a heart tonic (Grieve, 1931) as well as for emotional support through grief and heartbreak (McIntyre, 2019). Its main actions are thought to be on the cardiovascular system as well as supporting the nervous system.
- Circulatory support: Hawthorn is perhaps most well known for its positive effects on hypertension (high blood pressure). This has been supported by research showing decrease in blood pressure and improvement in blood flow (Bone & Mills, 2013), and clear improvements for hypertensive patients when treated with Hawthorn berry tincture (Graham, 1939). The antioxidants have a protective effect on the blood vessels, reducing inflammation and damage (McIntyre, 2019) and thereby improving blood flow and positively impacting blood pressure. It is helpful in cases of poor circulation such as Reynaud’s and varicose veins (ibid.).
- Cardiotonic and protector: As well as protecting the vessels around the cardiovascular system, Hawthorn has been shown to increase the efficiency of cardiac muscle, meaning that the heart beats more effectively (Bone & Mills, 2013) as well as improving cardiac blood flow even after damage to the heart muscle, which can occur during a heart attack. It also prevents degeneration in the heart and can regulate the heart beat (Chatterjee et al., 1997, Schwinger et al., 2000).
- Cholesterol lowering activity: research has shown a reduction in blood cholesterol levels due to an improvement in the liver’s role, as well as extracts from hawthorn berry working with flavonoids (protective antioxidant plant chemicals) to reduce triglycerides and cholesterol in the body (Ye et al., 2010).
- Nervous system support & emotional benefits: due to Hawthorn’s relaxant effects, it can be helpful for those with anxiety or suffering from stress, particularly when the cause is emotional heartbreak (McIntyre, 2019). It is also thought to promote restful sleep particularly when used in combination with other herbs that support the nervous system (Hanus, Lafon & Mathieu, 2004).
Safety profile
Hawthorn is considered safe, although most herbalists would exercise caution if you are already taking medicine for high blood pressure. That said, it has been found that Hawthorn can act in a helpful way with medicine for the cardiovascular system, although the dose needs to be monitored, once again showing the importance of consulting with a qualified medical herbalist if you are on any medication or have any existing medical conditions.
