Overview and Health Benefits
Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata), also known as the “king of bitters”, is a powerful herb prized in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine. It is renowned for its immune-boosting, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and liver-supporting hepatoprotective effects (McIntyre, 2019; Mills & Bone, 2013; Kumar & Kumar, 2013). Modern scientific research has substantiated many of these traditional uses, revealing the plant’s broad spectrum of health benefits.
Key Benefits
- Immune support (particularly against respiratory infections): Andrographis is highly valued for its immune-modulating effects. Research indicates that it can enhance the immune response, making it useful in preventing and managing infections, particularly acute respiratory infections like the common cold and influenza (Cáceres et al., 1999; Poolsup et al., 2004; Kumar & Kumar, 2013; Mills & Bone, 2013). A systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed its efficacy in reducing the severity and duration of acute respiratory infections (Hu et al., 2017).
- Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties: The herb’s anti-inflammatory capabilities are well-documented. Andrographolide, its primary active compound, inhibits pathways involved in inflammation (Okhuarobo et al., 2014). It is also traditionally used to reduce fever, aligning with its cooling energetic properties in both Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Balu et al., 1993; McIntyre, 2019).
- Liver health and hepatoprotection: Andrographis has potent hepatoprotective effects, safeguarding the liver from damage caused by toxins and supporting liver function (McIntyre, 2019). It has been used traditionally to address liver issues by Khmer herbalists in Cambodia (Chassagne et al., 2017). Studies have shown that andrographolide can protect liver cells and enhance liver regeneration, making it a promising agent for treating liver diseases (Mills & Bone, 2013).
- Digestive health: Known for its bitter properties, andrographis stimulates digestion and is used to treat various gastrointestinal issues such as dyspepsia, diarrhoea, and loss of appetite (Mills & Bone, 2013; McIntyre, 2019). Its traditional use in managing these conditions is supported by modern studies that highlight its ability to enhance digestive enzyme activity and improve overall gut health (Mills & Bone, 2013; Okhuarobo et al., 2014).
- Anti-anaemic: Andrographis can help increase iron levels in the blood, which is crucial for the formation of red blood cells. This makes it a potential adjunct in the management of iron-deficiency anaemia, particularly in individuals recovering from infections or chronic illnesses (Kumar & Kumar, 2013)
Safety Profile
Used in high doses, andrographis can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, anorexia, and vomiting (Bone & Mills, 2013). Individuals with hyperacidic conditions such as duodenal ulcers should avoid its use, as its bitter properties may exacerbate these issues (Bone & Mills, 2013). As with any herbal remedy, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional before using andrographis, especially if you have a pre-existing medical condition or are taking any prescription medications.